How to Fix a Leaky Faucet

Understanding the Different Types of Faucets

Before you can fix a leaky faucet, it’s important to know what type of faucet you have. There are four main types of faucets: compression, ball, cartridge, and ceramic disk.

Compression faucets are the oldest type and have separate hot and cold handles that you twist to turn on the water. A rubber washer inside the faucet compresses against the valve seat to stop the flow of water.

Ball faucets have a single handle that you move in different directions to control both the temperature and flow of water. They have a rotating ball inside that regulates the water flow.

Cartridge faucets also have a single handle but use a cartridge to control the flow of water. The cartridge moves up and down to adjust the water flow and left and right to adjust the temperature.

Ceramic disk faucets are the newest type and have a single lever like cartridge faucets. They use ceramic disks that rotate to control the water flow and temperature.

Knowing which type of faucet you have will help you determine what parts you need to fix it and how to take it apart.

Gathering the Necessary Tools and Materials

Before you start fixing your leaky faucet, you’ll need to gather a few tools and materials. Here’s a list of what you’ll need:

1. Adjustable wrench
2. Phillips head screwdriver
3. Flathead screwdriver
4. Allen wrench (if you have a ball faucet)
5. Replacement parts (depending on the type of faucet and the source of the leak, you may need a new washer, O-ring, cartridge, or valve seat)
6. Plumber’s grease
7. Towels or rags
8. Bucket or container

Make sure you have all the necessary tools and parts before you start, so you don’t have to make multiple trips to the hardware store. It’s also a good idea to turn off the water supply to the faucet before you start working, so you don’t accidentally flood your bathroom or kitchen.

Step-by-Step Guide to Fixing a Leaky Faucet

Once you’ve gathered your tools and materials, it’s time to start fixing your leaky faucet. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

1. Turn off the water supply to the faucet.
2. Remove the handle by unscrewing the screw that holds it in place.
3. Take off the escutcheon (the decorative cover) and the packing nut (the hexagonal nut that holds the stem in place).
4. Remove the stem (the long cylindrical part that goes into the wall).
5. Check the washer (the rubber or plastic part at the bottom of the stem) for signs of wear or damage. If it’s damaged, replace it with a new one.
6. Check the O-ring (the small rubber ring around the stem) for signs of wear or damage. If it’s damaged, replace it with a new one.
7. Check the valve seat (the hole where the washer sits) for signs of corrosion or damage. If it’s damaged, use a valve seat dresser to smooth it out or replace it.
8. Apply plumber’s grease to the new washer and reassemble the faucet in the reverse order you took it apart.
9. Turn the water supply back on and test the faucet for leaks.

If your faucet still leaks after replacing the washer, O-ring, or valve seat, you may need to replace the entire cartridge or valve body. It’s best to consult a professional plumber for these types of repairs.

Tips to Prevent Future Leaks

Fixing a leaky faucet is just the first step. Here are some tips to prevent future leaks and keep your faucet in good working order:

1. Don’t overtighten the faucet handle. This can damage the valve seat and cause leaks.
2. Clean your faucet regularly to remove mineral buildup and debris.
3. Use a water softener if you have hard water to reduce mineral buildup.
4. Replace the washer, O-ring, or cartridge at the first sign of a leak to prevent further damage.
5. Don’t use your faucet as a wrench or tool. This can damage the valve and cause leaks.
6. Check your faucet regularly for leaks and repair them promptly to prevent further damage.
7. If you’re going on vacation, turn off the water supply to your faucet to prevent leaks while you’re away.

By following these tips, you can extend the life of your faucet and prevent costly repairs in the future.

When to Call a Professional Plumber

While fixing a leaky faucet is a relatively simple task, there are some situations where you should call a professional plumber. Here are a few examples:

1. If you’re uncomfortable working with plumbing or don’t have the necessary tools or experience.
2. If your faucet is old or corroded and needs to be replaced.
3. If your faucet has a complex design or unique parts that are difficult to find.
4. If you’ve tried to fix the leak and it still persists.
5. If you notice water damage or mold around your faucet, which could indicate a more serious plumbing issue.

A professional plumber can diagnose the problem, recommend the best course of action, and ensure that your faucet is fixed properly. While it may cost more upfront, it can save you time and money in the long run by preventing further damage or more costly repairs.